THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of an enhanced magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) emission protocol that results in more extensive treatment by increasing the volume of each focal ablation using the same energy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six pigs were treated with an MRgFUS system combined with real-time MR, for imaging and temperature mapping, with 102 "enhanced" and 97 "regular" focal ablations performed on both buttock muscles. Real-time imaging, temperature mapping, and acoustic reflected spectrum data enabled immediate evaluation of the results. MR contrast-enhanced images and pathology examinations were used for confirmation. RESULTS: The location of the ablated volume by "enhanced" sonication is predictable, with a maximum possible shift of 6 mm toward, and 3 mm away, from the transducer. The ablated volume after enhanced sonication was, on average, 1.8 times larger than after a regular sonication of the same energy. Pathology results showed the same thermally induced damage patterns in the enhanced sonications and the regular sonications. CONCLUSION: Accelerated MRgFUS with enhanced sonication is a safe, controllable, and more effective tissue ablative modality than standard sonication. This new technology may significantly reduce the length of tumor ablation procedures.
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